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  2. Ground plane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_plane

    For a monopole antenna (a), the Earth acts as a ground plane to reflect radio waves directed downwards, making them seem to come from a virtual "image antenna" (b).In Telecommunications, a ground plane is a flat or nearly flat horizontal conducting surface that serves as part of an antenna, to reflect the radio waves from the other antenna elements.

  3. Monopole antenna - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopole_antenna

    [17] [8] A common type for mounting on masts or stationary structures is the ground plane antenna, consisting of a quarter-wave whip antenna with a ground plane of 3 or 4 wires or rods a quarter-wavelength long radiating horizontally or diagonally from its base, connected to the ground side of the feedline. [18]

  4. Counterpoise (ground system) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterpoise_(ground_system)

    Counterpoises are typically used in antenna systems for radio transmitters where a good earth ground connection cannot be constructed.. Monopole antennas used at low frequencies, below 3 MHz, such as the mast radiator antennas used for AM broadcasting, require the radio transmitter to be electrically connected to the Earth under the antenna; this is called a ground (or earth).

  5. Antenna types - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antenna_types

    A whip antenna with several rods extending horizontally from base of the whip in a star-shaped pattern, similar to an upside-down radiate crown, that form the artificial, elevated ground plane that gives the antenna its name. The ground plane rods attach to the ground wire of the feedline, the other wire feeds the whip. Since the whip is ...

  6. Whip antenna - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whip_antenna

    Whips mounted on vehicles use the metal skin of the vehicle as a ground plane. In hand-held devices usually no explicit ground plane is provided, and the ground side of the antenna's feed line is just connected to the ground (common) on the device's circuit board. [2] Therefore, the radio itself serves as a rudimentary ground plane.

  7. Choke ring antenna - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choke_ring_antenna

    A choke ring antenna is a directional antenna designed for reception of GNSS signals from satellites. It consists of a number of concentric conductive cylinders around a central antenna. The first choke ring antennas were invented at JPL; [ 2 ] since 1989 they have been improved and extended by many companies.

  8. File:Ground plane antenna diagram.svg - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ground_plane_antenna...

    The ground rods create a ground plane under the antenna which increases the gain. The ground rods may extend horizontally from the base, but in antennas fed by coaxial cable as shown here they are usually sloped downward to increase the radiation resistance of the antenna from the 36 ohms of a quarter wave monopole closer to 50 ohms, so the ...

  9. Omnidirectional antenna - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omnidirectional_antenna

    Omnidirectional radiation patterns are produced by the simplest practical antennas, monopole and dipole antennas, consisting of one or two straight rod conductors on a common axis. Antenna gain (G) is defined as antenna efficiency (e) multiplied by antenna directivity (D) which is expressed mathematically as: =.