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  2. Soil matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_matrix

    The soil matrix is the solid phase of soils, and comprise the solid particles that make up soils. Soil particles can be classified by their chemical composition ( mineralogy ) as well as their size.

  3. Soil structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_structure

    Soil mineral particles are both separated and bridged by organic matter breakdown products, and soil biota exudates, making the soil easy to work. Cultivation, earthworms, frost action and rodents mix the soil and decrease the size of the peds. This structure allows for good porosity and easy movement of air and water.

  4. Pore space in soil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pore_space_in_soil

    The pore space of soil contains the liquid and gas phases of soil, i.e., everything but the solid phase that contains mainly minerals of varying sizes as well as organic compounds. In order to understand porosity better a series of equations have been used to express the quantitative interactions between the three phases of soil.

  5. Physical properties of soil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_properties_of_soil

    Soil bulk density, when determined at standardized moisture conditions, is an estimate of soil compaction. [3] Soil porosity consists of the void part of the soil volume and is occupied by gases or water. Soil consistency is the ability of soil materials to stick together. Soil temperature and colour are self-defining.

  6. Crystallization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystallization

    The crystals are captured, stored, and sputter-coated with platinum at cryo-temperatures for imaging. The crystallization process appears to violate the second principle of thermodynamics. Whereas most processes that yield more orderly results are achieved by applying heat, crystals usually form at lower temperatures – especially by ...

  7. Crystal engineering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_engineering

    Much of the initial work on purely organic systems focused on the use of hydrogen bonds, although coordination and halogen bonds provide additional control in crystal design. [8] Molecular self-assembly is at the heart of crystal engineering, and it typically involves an interaction between complementary hydrogen bonding faces or a metal and a ...

  8. Unified Soil Classification System - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unified_Soil...

    The Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) is a soil classification system used in engineering and geology to describe the texture and grain size of a soil. The classification system can be applied to most unconsolidated materials, and is represented by a two-letter symbol.

  9. Grain size - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grain_size

    This is different from the crystallite size, which refers to the size of a single crystal inside a particle or grain. A single grain can be composed of several crystals . Granular material can range from very small colloidal particles , through clay , silt , sand , gravel , and cobbles , to boulders .