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Many reptiles have dewlaps, most notably the anole family and Sitana genus of lizards, which have large skin dewlaps they can extend and retract. The anole family has been found to have enhanced vision for color and depth perception. [7] This family is able to see dewlap coloration from a distance, giving the dewlap use and importance.
Male anoles and iguanas have dewlaps or skin flaps which come in various sizes, colours and patterns and the expansion of the dewlap as well as head-bobs and body movements add to the visual signals. [34] [6] Some species have deep blue dewlaps and communicate with ultraviolet signals. [28]
They may also eat other lizards, such as skinks, geckos, curly-tailed lizards, the Carolina anole, lizard eggs and hatchlings (including members of their species), and their own molted skin and detached tails. [33] If near water, they eat aquatic arthropods or small fish – nearly any prey that will fit in their mouths.
Female anoles do, however, often have a dorsal line down their back. Extension of the dewlap from the throat is used for communication. Males can form a pronounced dorsal ridge behind the head when displaying or when under stress. Females and juveniles have a prominent white stripe running along their spine, a feature most males lack.
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In addition to colors that are visible to humans, dewlaps can have ultraviolet reflectance, which is visible to anoles. [90] The striped anole is the only species where it is asymmetrically colored, being brighter on one side than the other. [96] In some species even juveniles have a dewlap.
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