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Cupcakes baked with baking soda as a raising agent. Sodium bicarbonate (IUPAC name: sodium hydrogencarbonate [9]), commonly known as baking soda or bicarbonate of soda, is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO 3.
The Solvay process or ammonia–soda process is the major industrial process for the production of sodium carbonate (soda ash, Na 2 CO 3).The ammonia–soda process was developed into its modern form by the Belgian chemist Ernest Solvay during the 1860s. [1]
Disodium pyrophosphate or sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP) [1] is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na 2 H 2 P 2 O 7.It consists of sodium cations (Na +) and dihydrogen pyrophosphate anions (H 2 P 2 O 2− 7).
The only hydrates with stable melting points are NaOH·H 2 O (65.10 °C) and NaOH·3.5H 2 O (15.38 °C). The other hydrates, except the metastable ones NaOH·3H 2 O and NaOH·4H 2 O (β) can be crystallized from solutions of the proper composition, as listed above. However, solutions of NaOH can be easily supercooled by many degrees, which ...
Ammonium bicarbonate is produced by combining carbon dioxide and ammonia: CO 2 + NH 3 + H 2 O → (NH 4)HCO 3. Since ammonium bicarbonate is thermally unstable, the reaction solution is kept cold, which allows the precipitation of the product as white solid.
Deprotonation of acetic acid by a hydroxide ion. Deprotonation (or dehydronation) is the removal (transfer) of a proton (or hydron, or hydrogen cation), (H +) from a Brønsted–Lowry acid in an acid–base reaction.
Sodium azide is an ionic solid.Two crystalline forms are known, rhombohedral and hexagonal. [1] [6] Both adopt layered structures.The azide anion is very similar in each form, being centrosymmetric with N–N distances of 1.18 Å.
Sodium peroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula Na 2 O 2.This yellowish solid is the product of sodium ignited in excess oxygen. [3] It is a strong base. This metal peroxide exists in several hydrates and peroxyhydrates including Na 2 O 2 ·2H 2 O 2 ·4H 2 O, Na 2 O 2 ·2H 2 O, Na 2 O 2 ·2H 2 O 2, and Na 2 O 2 ·8H 2 O. [4] The octahydrate, which is simple to prepare, is white, in ...