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  2. Fermentation theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermentation_theory

    Louis Pasteur's interest in fermentation began when he noticed some remarkable properties of amyl alcohol—a by-product of lactic acid and alcohol fermentation—during his biochemical studies. In particular, Pasteur noted its ability to “rotate the plane of polarized light ”, and its “unsymmetric arrangement of atoms."

  3. Louis Pasteur - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Pasteur

    Louis Pasteur ForMemRS (/ ˈ l uː i p æ ˈ s t ɜːr /, French: [lwi pastœʁ] ⓘ; 27 December 1822 – 28 September 1895) was a French chemist, pharmacist, and microbiologist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation, and pasteurization, the last of which was named after him.

  4. Fermentation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermentation

    Fermented foods have a religious significance in Judaism and Christianity. The Baltic god Rugutis was worshiped as the agent of fermentation. [37] [38] In alchemy, fermentation ("putrefaction") was symbolized by Capricorn ♑︎. [citation needed] Louis Pasteur in his laboratory

  5. Pasteur effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasteur_effect

    When the O 2 concentration is low, the two pyruvate molecules formed through glycolysis are each fermented into ethanol and carbon dioxide. While only 2 ATP are produced per glucose, this method is utilized under anaerobic conditions because it oxidizes the electron shuttle NADH into NAD + for another round of glycolysis and ethanol fermentation.

  6. Zymology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zymology

    Beer fermenting at a brewery. Zymology, also known as zymurgy, [a] is an applied science that studies the biochemical process of fermentation and its practical uses. Common topics include the selection of fermenting yeast and bacteria species and their use in brewing, wine making, fermenting milk, and the making of other fermented foods.

  7. Microbiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbiology

    Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch were contemporaries of Cohn, and are often considered to be the fathers of modern microbiology [16] and medical microbiology, respectively. [18] Pasteur is most famous for his series of experiments designed to disprove the then widely held theory of spontaneous generation , thereby solidifying microbiology's ...

  8. Swan neck flask - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swan_neck_flask

    The contents of the flask thus remain free of microbes, a property showcased by French microbiologist Louis Pasteur in nineteenth century experiments used to support germ theory as the cause of fermentation over spontaneous generation from bad air . [1] [2] [3] Bottle en col de cygne (Swan neck bottle) used by Louis Pasteur

  9. Koch–Pasteur rivalry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koch–Pasteur_rivalry

    Jean Baptiste Pasteur, the only son of Louis and Marie Pasteur, was a soldier in the Franco-Prussian War. The tone set by this war contributed to the rivalry between Koch and Pasteur. [ 1 ] The "German Problem", as Germany increasingly gained scientific, technological, and industrial dominance, fed tensions among European nations. [ 3 ]