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However, on others such as IRIX, Linux, and FreeBSD, an argument is supplied specifying the name of the process (or processes) to kill. For instance, to kill a process such as an instance of the XMMS music player invoked by xmms, the user would run the command killall xmms. This would kill all processes named xmms, and is equivalent to kill ...
killall is a command line utility available on Unix-like systems. There are two very different implementations. The implementation supplied with genuine UNIX System V (including Solaris) and Linux sysvinit tools kills all processes that the user is able to kill, potentially shutting down the system if run by root.
The kill(2) system call sends a specified signal to a specified process, if permissions allow. Similarly, the kill(1) command allows a user to send signals to processes. The raise(3) library function sends the specified signal to the current process.
To remove zombies from a system, the SIGCHLD signal can be sent to the parent manually, using the kill command. If the parent process still refuses to reap the zombie, and if it would be fine to terminate the parent process, the next step can be to remove the parent process. When a process loses its parent, init becomes its new parent.
A job running in the foreground can be stopped by typing the suspend character . This sends the "terminal stop" signal (SIGTSTP) to the process group. By default, SIGTSTP causes processes receiving it to stop, and control is returned to the shell. However, a process can register a signal handler for or ignore SIGTSTP.
Principal among the offered commands are means to forcibly unmount file systems, kill processes, recover keyboard state, and write unwritten data to disk. The magic SysRq key cannot work under certain conditions, such as a kernel panic [ 2 ] or a hardware failure preventing the kernel from running properly.
A server process is also said to be orphaned when the client that initiated the request unexpectedly crashes after making the request while leaving the server process running. These orphaned processes waste server resources and can potentially leave a server starved for resources. However, there are several solutions to the orphan process problem:
Process management Optional (UP) Run jobs in the foreground file: Filesystem Mandatory Determine file type Version 4 AT&T UNIX find: Filesystem Mandatory Find files Version 1 AT&T UNIX fold: Text processing Mandatory Filter for folding lines 1BSD fuser: Process management Optional (XSI) List process IDs of all processes that have one or more ...