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Vlorë was the site of Albania's only synagogue until it was destroyed in the First World War. According to the Albanian census of 1930, there were only 204 Jews registered at that time in Albania. The official recognition of the Jewish community was granted on April 2, 1937, while at that time this community consisted in about 300 members.
Albania's Jewish population increased eleven-fold between 1939 and 1945. [37] The Jewish community in Kosovo never fully recovered from the war. [61] Few Jews remained in Kosovo, and many emigrated to Israel during the communist period. [15] Similarly, most of Albania's Jews decided to emigrate following the communist takeover. [62]
Jewish tombstone in Pristina Jewish cemetery in Pristina. The history of the Jews in Kosovo largely mirrors that of the history of the Jews in Serbia, except during the Second World War, when Kosovo, as part of Kingdom of Albania, was under Italian control and later under German control.
Albania was the only European country, of those occupied by the Axis powers of World War II, that emerged from World War II with a larger Jewish population than it had before the Holocaust. In 1999, Israel took in Kosovar Albanian refugees from the Kosovo War , providing them with medical care, food, and accommodations.
The museum has documents, photos, and items that have belonged to the Jewish community, which arrived in Berat in the 16th century from Spain, fleeing the Inquisition. Albania is the only Nazi-occupied territory whose Jewish population increased during World War II. [6] The museum's current director is Angjelina Vrusho, Simon Vrusho's wife. [7]
Albania was among the first southeastern European countries to join the Partnership for peace programme. Albania applied to join the European Union, becoming an official candidate for accession to the European Union in June 2014. In 2017, the eighth parliamentary elections took place, simultaneously with the presidential elections.
A Jewish history museum named "Solomon Museum" is located in southern Berat, and contains exhibits about the Holocaust in Albania and the survival of Jews during the war in the country. [38] The Ethnographic Museum
Saranda, then under the name of Onchesmos, is held to be the site of Albania's first synagogue, which was built in the 4th [21] or 5th century. It is thought that it was built by the descendants of Jewish captives who arrived on the southern shores of Albania around 70 CE, [22] during the First Jewish–Roman War. Onchesmos' synagogue was ...