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The 5.56×45mm NATO standard SS109/M855 cartridge was designed for maximum performance when fired from a 508 mm (20.0 in) long barrel, as was the original 5.56 mm M193 cartridge. Experiments with longer length barrels up to 610 mm (24.0 in) resulted in no improvement or a decrease in muzzle velocities for the SS109/M855 cartridge.
The civilian headstamp has the "SBS" at 12 o'clock and the caliber at 6 o'clock. On the military headstamp the "SB" is at 12 o'clock and the "S" is at 6 o'clock. Sold to the Steyr-Werke A.G. of Vienna, Austria in 1922. SB / Schönebeck, P69Sellier & Bellot – Schönebeck (1922–1945) – Schönebeck, Germany.
The table below gives a list of firearms that can fire the 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge, first developed and used in the late 1970s for the M16 rifle, which to date, is the most widely produced weapon in this caliber. [1] Not all countries that use weapons chambered in this caliber are in NATO. This table is sortable for every column.
The Ruger AR-556 is a semiautomatic AR-15 style rifle manufactured by U.S. firearms company Sturm, Ruger & Co. Introduced in 2014 as an entry-level AR-15 using a direct impingement action, with variants since being released such as the upgraded AR-556 MPR (multi-purpose rifle) in 2017 [1] and the AR-556 pistol in 2019.
22 Grendel (wildcat) aka 224 Grendel. .22 Nosler. .22 PPC. .22 ARC. .222 Remington (sometimes chambered in countries where ownership of military cartridges is illegal) .223 Remington – Original AR-15 cartridge: .223 cartridges may function in a 5.56×45mm rifle, however 5.56×45mm cartridges may produce excessive pressure in a .223 Rem rifle.
While modern firearms are generally referred to by the name of the cartridge the gun is chambered for, they are still categorized together based on bore diameter. For example, a firearm might be described as a "30 caliber rifle", which could accommodate any of a wide range of cartridges using a roughly 0.30 inches (7.6 mm) projectile; or as a "22 rimfire", referring to any rimfire firearms ...
Rifleman's rule is a "rule of thumb" that allows a rifleman to accurately fire a rifle that has been calibrated for horizontal targets at uphill or downhill targets. The rule says that only the horizontal range should be considered when adjusting a sight or performing hold-over in order to account for bullet drop.
Terminal ballistics is a sub-field of ballistics concerned with the behavior and effects of a projectile when it hits and transfers its energy to a target. Bullet design (as well as the velocity of impact) largely determines the effectiveness of penetration.