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Neonatal sepsis of the newborn is an infection that has spread through the entire body. The inflammatory response to this systematic infection can be as serious as the infection itself. [ 26 ] In infants that weigh under 1500 g, sepsis is the most common cause of death.
In normal infants, AFP in CSF is: [18] median 61 kIU/L (5th-95th centile: 2-889 kIU/L) in infants -69 to 31 days old; median 1.2 kIU/L (5th-95th centile: 0.1-12.5 kIU/L) in infants 32 to 110 days old; Levels of AFP in CSF decline with gestational age in proportion to levels of AFP in serum [19]
Pregnancy increases the clearance of ampicillin by up to 50%, and a higher dose is thus needed to reach therapeutic levels. [25] [27] Ampicillin crosses the placenta and remains in the amniotic fluid at 50–100% of the concentration in maternal plasma; this can lead to high concentrations of ampicillin in the newborn. [27]
Estrogen, progesterone, and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17α-OHP) levels during pregnancy in women. [1] The dashed vertical lines separate the trimesters . Determinations were via radioimmunoassay .
Mothers who are negative for the Kell 1 antigen develop antibodies after being exposed to red blood cells that are positive for Kell 1.Over half of the cases of hemolytic disease of the newborn owing the anti-Kell antibodies are caused by multiple blood transfusions, with the remainder due to a previous pregnancy with a Kell 1 positive baby.
Unlike hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn, NAIT occurs during the first pregnancy in up to 50% of cases, [1] and the affected fetuses may develop severe thrombocytopenia (<50,000 μL −1) very early during pregnancy (as early as 20 weeks gestation, consistent with the development of platelet antigens, [1] and the majority of the time ...
References range may vary with age, sex, race, pregnancy, [10] diet, use of prescribed or herbal drugs and stress. Reference ranges often depend on the analytical method used, for reasons such as inaccuracy , lack of standardisation , lack of certified reference material and differing antibody reactivity . [ 11 ]
Small for gestational age (SGA) newborns are those who are smaller in size than normal for the gestational age. SGA is most commonly defined as a weight below the 10th percentile for the gestational age. [1] SGA predicts susceptibility to hypoglycemia, hypothermia, and polycythemia. [2] By definition, at least 10% of all newborns will be ...