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The guanaco (/ ɡ w ɑː ˈ n ɑː k oʊ / ghwuah-NAH-koh; [3] Lama guanicoe) is a camelid native to South America, closely related to the llama. Guanacos are one of two wild South American camelids; the other species is the vicuña , which lives at higher elevations.
The vicuña (Lama vicugna) or vicuna [3] (both / v ɪ ˈ k uː n j ə /, very rarely spelled vicugna, its former genus name) [4] [5] is one of the two wild South American camelids, which live in the high alpine areas of the Andes; the other camelid is the guanaco, which lives at lower elevations.
Llama Conservation status Domesticated Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Artiodactyla Family: Camelidae Genus: Lama Species: L. glama Binomial name Lama glama (Linnaeus, 1758) Domestic llama and alpaca range Synonyms Camelus glama Linnaeus, 1758 The llama (Lama glama) is a domesticated South American camelid, widely used as a ...
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Three species groups survived - the dromedary of northern Africa and southwest Asia; the Bactrian camel of central Asia; and the South American group, which has now diverged into a range of forms that are closely related, but usually classified as four species - llamas, alpacas, guanacos, and vicuñas.
Guanaco: the most widespread camelid in geographical terms was the guanaco, as it was found from the subequatorial areas to the Tierra del Fuego. About guanacos, the chronicler Pedro Cieza de León says, they were hunted to make charqui, which was stored in warehouses "to feed the army". They were hunted for their meat, which was highly prized.
A huarizo, also known as a llapaca, is a hybrid cross between a male llama and a female alpaca. Misti is a similar hybrid; it is a cross between a male alpaca and a female llama. The most common hybrid between South American camelids, [ 1 ] huarizo tend to be much smaller than llamas, with their fibre being longer. [ 2 ]
The llama and alpaca are only known in the domestic state, and are variable in size and color, being often white, black, or piebald. The wild guanaco and vicuña are of a nearly uniform light-brown color, passing into white below. The vicuña and guanaco share an obvious family resemblance and may be difficult to tell apart at a distance.