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  2. Respiration (physiology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiration_(physiology)

    In physiology, respiration is the transport of oxygen from the outside environment to the cells within tissues, and the removal of carbon dioxide in the opposite direction to the environment by a respiratory system.

  3. Respiratory tract - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_tract

    The conducting zone also functions to offer a low resistance pathway for airflow. It provides a major defense role in its filtering abilities. The respiratory zone includes the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli, and is the site of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange with the blood. The respiratory bronchioles and the alveolar ...

  4. Oxygen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen

    The presence of large amounts of dissolved and free oxygen in the oceans and atmosphere may have driven most of the extant anaerobic organisms to extinction during the Great Oxygenation Event (oxygen catastrophe) about 2.4 billion years ago. Cellular respiration using O 2 enables aerobic organisms to produce much more ATP than anaerobic ...

  5. Oxygen cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen_cycle

    The oxygen cycle demonstrates how free oxygen is made available in each of these regions, as well as how it is used. The oxygen cycle is the biogeochemical cycle of oxygen atoms between different oxidation states in ions, oxides, and molecules through redox reactions within and between the spheres/reservoirs of the planet Earth. [1]

  6. Respiratory system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_system

    In humans and other mammals, the anatomy of a typical respiratory system is the respiratory tract.The tract is divided into an upper and a lower respiratory tract.The upper tract includes the nose, nasal cavities, sinuses, pharynx and the part of the larynx above the vocal folds.

  7. Lung - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lung

    Humans have two lungs, a right lung and a left lung. They are situated within the thoracic cavity of the chest. The right lung is bigger than the left, and the left lung shares space in the chest with the heart. The lungs together weigh approximately 1.3 kilograms (2.9 lb), and the right is heavier.

  8. Pulmonary alveolus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_alveolus

    The relatively low solubility (and hence rate of diffusion) of oxygen necessitates the large internal surface area (about 80 square m [96 square yards]) and very thin walls of the alveoli. Weaving between the capillaries and helping to support them is an extracellular matrix , a meshlike fabric of elastic and collagenous fibres.

  9. Electron transport chain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_transport_chain

    Most eukaryotic cells have mitochondria, which produce ATP from reactions of oxygen with products of the citric acid cycle, fatty acid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. At the inner mitochondrial membrane , electrons from NADH and FADH 2 pass through the electron transport chain to oxygen, which provides the energy driving the process as ...

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