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When seen from below by a predator, the animal's light helps to match its brightness and colour to the sea surface above. Counter-illumination is a method of active camouflage seen in marine animals such as firefly squid and midshipman fish, and in military prototypes, producing light to match their backgrounds in both brightness and wavelength.
Many predators forage most intensively at night, whereas others are active at midday and see best in full sun. The crepuscular habit may both reduce predation pressure, increasing the crepuscular populations, and offer better foraging opportunities to predators that increasingly focus their attention on crepuscular prey until a new balance is ...
Bioluminescence is abundant in the pelagic zone, with the most concentration at depths devoid of light and surface waters at night. These organisms participate in diurnal vertical migration from the dark depths to the surface at night, dispersing the population of bioluminescent organisms across the pelagic water column.
Floating around this dark and eerie place are fascinating animals with the ability to create their own light in the murky depths. It’s called the twilight zone, and it’s so deep that sunlight ...
Photophores on fish are used for attracting food or for camouflage from predators by counter-illumination. [ citation needed ] Photophores are found on some cephalopods including the firefly squid , which can create impressive light displays, as well as numerous other deep sea organisms, such as the pocket shark Mollisquama mississippiensis and ...
This increases the amount of light each photosensitive cell receives, allowing the bird to see better in low light conditions. [4] Owls normally have only one fovea, and that is poorly developed except in diurnal hunters like the short-eared owl. [77] Besides owls, bat hawks, frogmouths and nightjars also display good night vision.
Active infrared night-vision combines infrared illumination of spectral range 700–1,000 nm (just over the visible spectrum of the human eye) with CCD cameras sensitive to this light. The resulting scene, which is apparently dark to a human observer, appears as a monochrome image on a normal display device. [ 15 ]
Fossilised skin pigmented with dark-coloured eumelanin reveals that ichthyosaurs, leatherback turtles and mosasaurs had dark backs and light bellies. [21] [22] The ornithischian dinosaur Psittacosaurus similarly appears to have been countershaded, implying that its predators detected their prey by deducing shape from shading. Modelling suggests ...