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Electromagnetic or magnetic induction is the production of an electromotive force (emf) across an electrical conductor in a changing magnetic field. Michael Faraday is generally credited with the discovery of induction in 1831, and James Clerk Maxwell mathematically described it as Faraday's law of induction .
This field causes, by electromagnetic induction, an electric current to flow in the wire loop on the right. The most widespread version of Faraday's law states: The electromotive force around a closed path is equal to the negative of the time rate of change of the magnetic flux enclosed by the path.
Eddy currents in conductors of non-zero resistivity generate heat as well as electromagnetic forces. The heat can be used for induction heating. The electromagnetic forces can be used for levitation, creating movement, or to give a strong braking effect. Eddy currents can also have undesirable effects, for instance power loss in transformers.
The history of electromagnetic induction, a facet of electromagnetism, began with observations of the ancients: electric charge or static electricity (rubbing silk on amber), electric current , and magnetic attraction . Understanding the unity of these forces of nature, and the scientific theory of electromagnetism was initiated and achieved ...
Aluminium ring moved by electromagnetic induction, thus demonstrating Lenz's law. Experiment showing Lenz's law with two aluminium rings on a scales-like device set up on a pivot so as to freely move in the horizontal plane. One ring is fully enclosed, while the other has an opening, not forming a complete circle.
Inductance — The phenomenon whereby the property of a circuit by which energy is stored in the form of an electromagnetic field. Induction heating — Heat produced in a conductor when eddy currents pass through it. Joule heating — Heat produced in a conductor when charges move through it, such as in resistors and wires.
It uses electromagnetic induction to provide electricity to portable devices. Inductive charging is also used in vehicles, power tools, electric toothbrushes, and ...
Electromagnetic induction is the production of a circulating electric field by a time-dependent magnetic field. A time-dependent magnetic field can be produced either by motion of a magnet relative to a circuit, by motion of a circuit relative to another circuit (at least one of these must be carrying an electric current), or by changing the ...