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The use of convict ships to New South Wales began on 18 August 1786, when the decision was made to send a colonisation party of convicts, military, and civilian personnel to Botany Bay. Transportation to the Colony of New South Wales was finally officially abolished on 1 October 1850. [ 1 ]
The settler population was 26,000 on the mainland and 6,000 in Van Diemen's Land. Following the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815 the transportation of convicts increased rapidly and the number of free settlers grew steadily. [46] From 1821 to 1840, 55,000 convicts arrived in New South Wales and 60,000 in Van Diemen's Land.
Western Australia – established as the Swan River Colony in 1829 – initially was intended solely for free settlers, but commenced receiving convicts in 1850. South Australia and Victoria, established in 1836 and 1850 respectively, officially remained free colonies. However, a population that included thousands of convicts already resided in ...
The First Fleet is the name given to the group of eleven ships carrying convicts, the first to do so, that left England in May 1787 and arrived in Australia in January 1788. The ships departed with an estimated 775 convicts (582 men and 193 women), as well as officers, marines, their wives and children, and provisions and agricultural implements.
On 13 May 1787, the ships, with over 1,400 convicts, marines, sailors, colonial officials and free settlers onboard, left Portsmouth and travelled over 24,000 kilometres (15,000 mi) and over 250 days before arriving in Botany Bay on 18 January 1788.
Margaret Catchpole. John Cadman (1772–1848), English publican, transported to New South Wales for horse theft; John Caesar (c. 1763–1796), Madagascan or West Indian bushranger, transported to New South Wales for theft
The Second Fleet was a convoy of six ships carrying settlers, convicts and supplies to Sydney Cove, Australia in 1790.It followed the First Fleet which established European settlement in Australia on 26 January 1788.
At the age of 21, Robert Dulhunty arrived in the Colony of New South Wales as a free settler on the ship Guildford. The date of his arrival was 5 March 1824. He was accompanied on the voyage from England by his brother, Lawrence Vance Dulhunty – a qualified surveyor with a sharp mind but a much less appealing manner than Robert's.