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The corneal reflex, also known as the blink reflex or eyelid reflex, [1] is an involuntary blinking of the eyelids elicited by stimulation of the cornea (such as by touching or by a foreign body), though it could result from any peripheral stimulus. Stimulation should elicit both a direct and consensual response (response of the opposite eye).
In the fields of optometry and ophthalmology, the Hirschberg test, also Hirschberg corneal reflex test, is a screening test that can be used to assess whether a person has strabismus (ocular misalignment). A photographic version of the Hirschberg test is used to quantify strabismus. [1]
The brightness of the Purkinje images can be determined using Fresnel's equation: = (′) / (′ +), where and ′ are the refractive indices before and after the reflecting surface.
Corneal reflex is conducted along with the facial nerve section of the test. Note the sensory innervation of the cornea is provided by the trigeminal nerve while the motor innervation for blinking the eye is provided by the facial nerve.-Muscles of mastication (temporalis, masseter) should be inspected for atrophy. Palpate the temporalis and ...
Cervico-spinal reflex; Churchill–Cope reflex; Corneal reflex — blinking of both eyes when the cornea of either eye is touched. Coronary reflex; Cough reflex — a rapid expulsion of air from the lungs after sudden opening of the glottis, and usually following irritation of the trachea.
A reflex blink is not necessarily a conscious blink either; however it does happen faster than a spontaneous blink. [1] Reflex blink may occur in response to tactile stimuli (e.g., corneal, eyelash, skin of eyelid, contact with eyebrow), optical stimuli (e.g. dazzle reflex, [20] or menace reflex) or auditory stimuli (e.g., menace reflex).
Red reflex examination, also called Bruckner Test, is a useful test in children to look for misalignment of the eyes and significant refractive errors. A red reflex can be seen when looking at a patient's pupil through a direct ophthalmoscope. [13]
Unlike the red reflex, this can help determine if the patient has normal ocular alignment. In order to perform this test the patient and physician are normally approximately 2 to 3 feet away from each other. [7] It is also used to detect opacities in the visual axis, such as a cataract or corneal abnormality.