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Trajectory and pattern of US 3-inch (76 mm) Shrapnel shell of WWI era. The other factor was the trajectory. The shrapnel bullets were typically lethal for about 300 yards (270 m) from normal field guns after bursting and over 400 yards (370 m) from heavy field guns.
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76 mm artillery includes 3 Inch and Russian 30 line calibre weapons, which are actually 76.2 mm. They were typically called 12-pounders or 13-pounders by the British based on the weight of the shell. They were typically called 12-pounders or 13-pounders by the British based on the weight of the shell.
The gun fired 3 inches (76 mm) steel, shrapnel, or explosive shells that weighed 15 pounds (6.8 kg). [2] The use of nickel steel construction meant that the M1902 could fire a heavier shell at a higher muzzle velocity and greater accuracy (due to tighter rifling) than any other field gun of American origin to that point. [ 3 ]
Diagrams of Mk III (left) and Mk IV (right) shrapnel shells for British BL 5 inch gun. Mk III : Shell walls of forged steel, bursting charge is in base. Shell does not break up on bursting. On bursting the bullets are ejected through the nose of the shell. Contains 236 lead-antimony balls, 14/pound.
In 1853 these were combined into a single fuze with dual channels, 2 inches long for howitzers and common shell, 1 inch for shrapnel. [5] The holes were sealed with clay, with could be spiked through before loading to select the necesary time delay. There were white and black painted groups of holes for odd and even tenths.
The term "shrapnel" is commonly, although incorrectly from a technical standpoint, used to refer to fragments produced by any explosive weapon. However, the shrapnel shell, named for Major General Henry Shrapnel of the British Royal Artillery, predates the modern high-explosive shell and operates by an entirely different process. [2]
The M77 was developed from the M483A1 that was developed for so-called "cargo" artillery shells in the 155 mm and 8-inch (203 mm) calibers. A dual-purpose improved conventional munition ( DPICM ) is an artillery or surface-to-surface missile warhead designed to burst into submunitions at an optimum altitude and distance from the desired target ...