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In the physical sciences, the wavenumber (or wave number), also known as repetency, [1] is the spatial frequency of a wave. Ordinary wavenumber is defined as the number of wave cycles divided by length; it is a physical quantity with dimension of reciprocal length , expressed in SI units of cycles per metre or reciprocal metre (m -1 ).
The parameter used to describe breaking wave types on beaches; or wave run-up on – and reflection by – beaches, breakwaters and dikes. [4] [5] [6] Iribarren Number (ξ 0) as a function of wave height with constant beach steepness of 7.5 degrees. Iribarren's work was further developed by Jurjen Battjes in 1974, who named the parameter after ...
Bodenstein number: Bo or Bd = / = Max Bodenstein: chemistry (residence-time distribution; similar to the axial mass transfer Peclet number) [2] Damköhler numbers: Da = Gerhard Damköhler: chemistry (reaction time scales vs. residence time)
Dimensionless numbers (or characteristic numbers) have an important role in analyzing the behavior of fluids and their flow as well as in other transport phenomena. [1] They include the Reynolds and the Mach numbers, which describe as ratios the relative magnitude of fluid and physical system characteristics, such as density, viscosity, speed of sound, and flow speed.
Other examples of mechanical waves are seismic waves, gravity waves, surface waves and string vibrations. In an electromagnetic wave (such as light), coupling between the electric and magnetic fields sustains propagation of waves involving these fields according to Maxwell's equations .
The two-dimensional analogue of the vibrating string is the vibrating membrane, with the edges clamped to be motionless. The Helmholtz equation was solved for many basic shapes in the 19th century: the rectangular membrane by Siméon Denis Poisson in 1829, the equilateral triangle by Gabriel Lamé in 1852, and the circular membrane by Alfred Clebsch in 1862.
a the wave amplitude of each frequency component in metres, k 1 and k 2 the wave number of each wave component, in radians per metre, and; ω 1 and ω 2 the angular frequency of each wave component, in radians per second. Both ω 1 and k 1, as well as ω 2 and k 2, have to satisfy the dispersion relation:
The wave vector and angular wave vector are related by a fixed constant of proportionality, 2 π radians per cycle. It is common in several fields of physics to refer to the angular wave vector simply as the wave vector, in contrast to, for example, crystallography. [1] [2] It is also common to use the symbol k for whichever is in use.