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Two photographs of a single hologram taken from different viewpoints. Holography is a technique that enables a wavefront to be recorded and later reconstructed. It is best known as a method of generating three-dimensional images, and has a wide range of other uses, including data storage, microscopy, and interferometry.
In electron diffraction, a diffraction pattern is produced by the interaction of the electron beam and the crystal potential. The real space and reciprocal space information about a crystal structure can be related through the Fourier transform relationships shown below, where () is in real space and corresponds to the crystal potential, and () is its Fourier transform in reciprocal space.
Interference between a point source and a plane wave, both incident normally on the plate. When a plane wave is added to a point source and the resulting interference pattern recorded, a point source hologram is produced. This is effectively a Fresnel zone plate which acts as a lens. If the plane wave is normally incident on the recording plate ...
Micrasterias furcata imaged in transmitted DIC microscopy Laser-induced optical damage in LiNbO 3 under 150× Nomarski microscopy. Differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy, also known as Nomarski interference contrast (NIC) or Nomarski microscopy, is an optical microscopy technique used to enhance the contrast in unstained, transparent samples.
The diffraction theory of aberrations Nijboer-Zernike diffraction theory. Imaging of extended objects using Fourier transforms. X Interference and diffraction with partially coherent light A systematic theory of interference and diffraction with partially coherent light. An account of partial polarization described by coherence theory.
This will produce second order diffraction intensities. Non-linear imaging theory is required to model these additional interference effects. [11] [12] Contrary to a widespread assumption, the linear/nonlinear imaging theory has nothing to do with kinematical diffraction or dynamical diffraction, respectively.
Diffraction is the same physical effect as interference, but interference is typically applied to superposition of a few waves and the term diffraction is used when many waves are superposed. [1]: 433 Italian scientist Francesco Maria Grimaldi coined the word diffraction and was the first to record accurate observations of the phenomenon in 1660.
[clarification needed] We determine the size of this area by the diffraction-limited resolution of the lens which is given by the Airy disk whose diameter is 2.4λu/D, where λ is the wavelength of the light, u is the distance between the object and the lens, and D is the diameter of the lens aperture. (This is a simplified model of diffraction ...