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Medium wave (MW) is a part of the medium frequency (MF) radio band used mainly for AM radio broadcasting. The spectrum provides about 120 channels with more limited sound quality than FM stations on the FM broadcast band .
In the Western Hemisphere (ITU region 2), medium wave AM broadcasts are on channels spaced 10 kHz apart from 530 kHz to 1700 kHz, with certain classes restricted to subsets of the available frequencies.
Medium frequency (MF) is the ITU designation [1] [2] for radio frequencies (RF) in the range of 300 kilohertz (kHz) to 3 megahertz (MHz). Part of this band is the medium wave (MW) AM broadcast band. The MF band is also known as the hectometer band as the wavelengths range from ten to one hectometers (1000 to 100 m).
This is an incomplete list of medium wave transmitters in Europe. The emitted AM radio signal can be received on AM radios across Europe, depending on the power.. Skywave propagation at night enables some stations to be heard far beyond the target reception area, sometimes by thousands of kilometres.
High-frequency allocations are still designated for ships, although satellite systems have taken over some of the safety applications previously served by 500 kHz and other frequencies. 2182 kHz is a medium-wave frequency still used for marine emergency communication.
At medium wave and shortwave frequencies (MF and HF bands), radio waves can refract from the ionosphere, a layer of charged particles high in the atmosphere. This means that medium and short radio waves transmitted at an angle into the sky can be refracted back to Earth at great distances beyond the horizon – even transcontinental distances.
Frequencies Modulation Frequency range Notes longwave: 148.5–283.5 kHz: amplitude modulation (AM) low frequency (LF) Mostly used in Europe, North Africa, and Asia: AM radio (medium wave) 525–1606.5 kHz, 525–1705 kHz in N. America, Australia and the Philippines. amplitude modulation (AM) medium frequency (MF)
The extended mediumwave broadcast band, commonly known as the AM expanded band, refers to the broadcast station frequency assignments immediately above the earlier upper limits of 1600 kHz in International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Region 2 (the Americas), and 1602 kHz in ITU Regions 1 (Europe, northern Asia and Africa) and 3 (southern Asia and Oceania).