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It is divided into the City of London and 32 London boroughs, the result of amalgamation of earlier units of administration that can be traced back to ancient parishes. Each borough is made up of many smaller areas that are variously called districts, neighbourhoods, suburbs, towns or villages.
Large scale electrification of London's commuter railways took place during the interwar period, mostly by the Southern Railway, and the London Underground system was expanded beyond London's northern suburbs stimulating the rapid development of new outer suburbs in areas such as Hendon, Southgate, Stanmore, High Barnet and Edgware.
Some recent discoveries indicate probable very early settlements near the Thames in the London area. At the Fulham Palace site in Fulham in modern west London, evidence of prehistoric activity dating from the late Mesolithic and early Neolithic age was uncovered by various archaeological investigations undertaken there since the early 1970s, depicting the use of struck flint.
The London boroughs have populations of between 150,000 and 400,000. Inner London boroughs tend to be smaller, in both population and area, and more densely populated than Outer London boroughs. The London boroughs were created by combining groups of former local government units.
The Greater London Built-up Area, or Greater London Urban Area, is a conurbation in south-east England that constitutes the continuous urban sprawl of London, and includes surrounding adjacent urban towns as defined by the Office for National Statistics. [1] It is the largest urban area in the United Kingdom with a population of 9,787,426 in ...
Map of "Metro-land", from the 1924 Metro-land booklet published by the Metropolitan Railway Metropolitan Railway electric locomotive and train (c.1928). The Metropolitan Railway was a passenger and goods railway that served London from 1863 to 1933, its mainline heading north from the capital's financial heart in the City to what were to become the Middlesex suburbs.
1890 London had 5,728 street accidents, resulting in 144 deaths. [109] London was the site of the world's first traffic lights, installed at the crossroads of Bridge, Great George, and Parliament Streets outside the Houses of Parliament. The 20 ft (6-metre) high column was topped by a large gas lamp, and opened in December 1868. [110]
Metropolitan boroughs were subdivisions of the County of London from 1900 to 1965. The 28 boroughs were created by the London Government Act 1899. [1] In 1965 they were abolished and replaced by larger London boroughs within the new area of Greater London. The City of London, indicated no. 1 on the map, was not a metropolitan borough. It ...