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Eastern Galicia, with the ethnic composition of about two thirds Ukrainians and one third Poles, [nb 2] [5] east of the Curzon line, was incorporated into the Second Polish Republic after Austria-Hungary's collapse and the defeat of the short-lived West Ukrainian People's Republic. [1]
A similar order was issued by the UPA commander in Eastern Galicia, Vasyl Sydor ("Shelest"). [24] This order was often disobeyed and entire villages were slaughtered. [25] In Eastern Galicia between 1943 and 1946, OUN-B and UPA killed 20,000–25,000 Poles. [26] 1,000–2,000 Ukrainians were killed by the Polish underground. [27]
At the time of the Soviet annexation of Eastern Galicia and Volhynia, the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church had approximately 2,190 parishes, three theological seminaries, 29 monasteries, 120 convents and 3.5 million faithful. [15] Its leader, Andrey Sheptytsky, was seen as a "father figure" by most western Ukrainians. [15]
This article would more accurately be titled Repression of Ukrainians in Eastern Galicia (1930). As written, it creates the misimpression that the pacification was justified. It was more accurately a case of collective punishment of the ethnic Ukrainian population in response to the deeds of a fairly small number of OUN operatives.
Budy Ossowskie massacre was a mass murder of ethnic Poles carried out on 29–30 August 1943 by a death squad of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army aided by the Ukrainian peasants during the Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia.
Western and Eastern Galicia in the late 20th century (German-language map) Eastern Galicia (Ukrainian: Східна Галичина, romanized: Skhidna Halychyna; Polish: Galicja Wschodnia; German: Ostgalizien) is a geographical region in Western Ukraine (present day oblasts of Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk and Ternopil), having also essential historic importance in Poland.
According to mainstream Ukrainian historiography, the western Ukrainian nobility developed out of a mixture of three groups of people: poor Rus' boyars (East Slavic aristocrats from the medieval era), descendants of princely retainers or druzhina (free soldiers in the service of the Rus' princes), and peasants who had been free during the times of the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia. [5]
The biggest battle in Galicia happened in Hanaczów, where the Polish self-defense supported by local Jews in the area fought with the Ukrainian Insurgent Army supported by deserters from the 14th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Galician). The battle ended with a Polish victory, but despite this the village was destroyed by the Germans.