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The Albigensian Crusade (French: Croisade des albigeois), also known as the Cathar Crusade (1209–1229), was a military and ideological campaign initiated by Pope Innocent III to eliminate Catharism in Languedoc, what is now southern France.
Catharism (/ ˈ k æ θ ər ɪ z əm / KATH-ər-iz-əm; [1] from the Ancient Greek: καθαροί, romanized: katharoí, "the pure ones" [2]) was a Christian quasi-dualist or pseudo-Gnostic movement, which thrived in the anti-materialist revival in Southern Europe, particularly in northern Italy and southern France, between the 12th and 14th centuries. [3]
The Cathars or Albigenses have been identified as Proto-Protestants by people such as Jean Duvernoy and John Foxe [1] [2] among others. [3] The debate over the relationship between the Albigenses and Protestants has been a matter of theological interest and controversy in history. [3]
The Perfect Heresy: The Life and Death of the Cathars, Profile Books Ltd, 2001. [ISBN missing] Falk, Avner (2010). Franks and Saracens: Reality and Fantasy in the Crusades. London: Karnac Books, Ltd. ISBN 978-1-85575-733-2. Marvin, Laurence W. (2008). The Occitan War: A Military and Political History of the Albigensian Crusade, 1209–1218 ...
The siege of Minerve was a military engagement which took place in June and July 1210 during the Albigensian Crusade in the town of Minerve in southern France.It was undertaken by the Catholic Crusaders against the Cathars in southern France, who were regarded as a heretical sect.
Gadal was born in 1877 in the Pyrenean town of Tarascon in the Ariège region in the south of France, [1] which was one of the centres of the heretical gnostic Christian movement known as the Cathars or the Albigensians in the 12th and 13th centuries.
The siege of Montségur (May 1243 – 16 March 1244) was a siege that took place during the Albigensian Crusade.It pitted the royal forces of Louis IX of France and those of the bishops of Albi and Narbonne against the forces of Pierre Roger de Mirepoix, who protected a community of Cathars in Montségur.
Building on previous measures by the Council of Montpellier, the Cathars in Languedoc faced severe punishments enacted by the Council. [12] Ian Robinson, professor of history and senior fellow of Trinity College, however, contends that the Council of Tours was the first to address the issue of Albigensians in southern France. [9]