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The Dominion of India, officially the Union of India, [7] was an independent dominion in the British Commonwealth of Nations existing between 15 August 1947 and 26 January 1950. [8] Until its independence , India had been ruled as an informal empire by the United Kingdom.
2009 (as an observer state) [63] Africa: Eastern Africa ~3,500,000: Somaliland is an unrecognised self-declared sovereign state internationally recognised as a part of Somalia. It has applied to join the Commonwealth under observer status. [63] [64] Its borders are approximate to those of British Somaliland, which was a protectorate from 1884 ...
India, officially the Republic of India, [j] [21] is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area ; the most populous country from June 2023 onwards; [ 22 ] [ 23 ] and since its independence in 1947, the world's most populous democracy.
A Dominion was any of several largely self-governing countries of the British Empire, once known collectively as the British Commonwealth of Nations. [1] [2] Progressing from colonies, their degrees of colonial self-governance increased unevenly over the late 19th century through the 1930s.
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The Constitution of India came into effect on 26 January 1950, making India a republic with a president as head of state, replacing the monarch and his viceregal representative, the governor-general. It was based in large part on the Government of India Act 1935 , which was itself based on the uncodified constitution of the United Kingdom .
The partition of India in 1947 was the division of British India [a] into two independent dominion states, the Union of India and Dominion of Pakistan. [3] The Union of India is today the Republic of India and the Dominion of Pakistan, the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, and the People's Republic of Bangladesh.
The constitution replaced the Government of India Act 1935 as the country's fundamental governing document, and the Dominion of India became the Republic of India. To ensure constitutional autochthony, its framers repealed prior acts of the British parliament in Article 395. [7] India celebrates its constitution on 26 January as Republic Day. [8]