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In 1996, Ali compiled and edited the world's first anthology of English-language ghazals, published by Wesleyan University Press in 2000, as Ravishing DisUnities: Real Ghazals in English. (Fewer than one in ten of the ghazals collected in Real Ghazals in English observe the constraints of the form.) A ghazal is composed of couplets, five or more.
Kolliyat-e Saadi (Persian: کلیات سعدی) is the complete collection of works by the renowned Persian poet and prose writer Saadi Shirazi (c. 1210–1291). It includes his most famous books, Bustan (book) and Gulistan (book), as well as a wide range of ghazals, odes, quatrains, and other poetic and prose compositions.
The Divān of Hafez (Persian: دیوان حافظ) is a collection of poems written by the Iranian poet Hafez.Most of these poems are in Persian, but there are some macaronic language poems (in Persian and Arabic) and a completely Arabic ghazal.
By convention, poets writing ghazals often adopted poetic personas which they then invoked as pen names at the end of their poems, in what are called takhallos. [9] Rumi signed off most of his own ghazals as either Khâmush (Silence) or Shams-i Tabrizi. [10] Although he had belonged to a long tradition of Sufi poetry, Rumi developed his own ...
Wickens finds that though a ghazal has a close-knit structure of thematic patterns, it lacks one aspect of Western art, namely the idea of development to a climax or conflict and its resolution. [33] On the contrary, in his view, Persian art is more "radial" or "spoke-like" with the ideas arranged around a central focal point.
It is important to think about the topic as well as the theme of a ghazal before starting to write it. The first line of a ghazal must include a refrain, which is a word or a phrase that can be easily fitted into the other couplets. Each couplet of a ghazal is known as Sher (شعر ). The first Sher is called Matla' (مطلع ).
In Persian, Turkic and Urdu poetry, the matla ' (from Arabic مطلع maṭlaʿ; Persian: مطلع; Azerbaijani: mətlə; Turkish: matla; Uzbek: matla; Urdu: مطلع) is the first bayt, or couplet, of a ghazal. [1] [2] In this sense, it is the opposite of the maqta'.
Ghazal poets frequently use this story as a simile or reference point to portray their love as similarly obsessive and pure. [40] Urdu ghazal is a form of lyrical poetry that originated in the Urdu language during the Mughal Empire. It consists of rhyming couplets, with each line sharing the same meter. [42]