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This is a list of GIS data sources (including some geoportals) that provide information sets that can be used in geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial databases for purposes of geospatial analysis and cartographic mapping. This list categorizes the sources of interest.
Spatial data service - allowing the delivery of the data via the Internet; Processing services - such as datum and projection transformations, or the transformation of cadastral survey observations and owner requests into Cadastral documentation (Spatial) data repository - to store data, e.g., a spatial database
The Geospatial Data Abstraction Library (GDAL) is a computer software library for reading and writing raster and vector geospatial data formats (e.g. shapefile), and is released under the permissive X/MIT style free software license by the Open Source Geospatial Foundation.
GIS data acquisition includes several methods for gathering spatial data into a GIS database, which can be grouped into three categories: primary data capture, the direct measurement phenomena in the field (e.g., remote sensing, the global positioning system); secondary data capture, the extraction of information from existing sources that are ...
Geographic information systems (GIS) play a constantly evolving role in geospatial intelligence (GEOINT) and United States national security.These technologies allow a user to efficiently manage, analyze, and produce geospatial data, to combine GEOINT with other forms of intelligence collection, and to perform highly developed analysis and visual production of geospatial data.
There are also many different types of geodata, including vector files, raster files, geographic databases, web files, and multi-temporal data. Spatial data or spatial information is broader class of data whose geometry is relevant but it is not necessarily georeferenced, such as in computer-aided design (CAD), see geometric modeling.
The data grid has also been defined more recently in terms of usability; what must a data grid be able to do in order for it to be useful to the scientific community. Proponents of this theory arrived at several criteria. [31] One, users should be able to search and discover applicable resources within the data grid from amongst its many datasets.
FDO – API (C++, .Net) between GIS application and sources; for manipulating, defining and analyzing geospatial data. GDAL/OGR – Library between GIS application and sources; for reading and writing raster geospatial data formats (GDAL) and simple features vector data (OGR). GeoTools – Open source GIS toolkit (Java); to enable the creation ...