Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Skein, package, beam, and space dyeing methods are used to dye yarns. In skein dyeing the yarns are loosely wound into hanks or skein and then dyed. The yarns have good dye penetration, but the process is slow and comparatively more expensive. In package dyeing yarns that have been wound on perforated spools are dyed in a pressurized tank.
Textile dyeing plants generate wastewater that contain synthetic (e.g., reactive dyes, acid dyes, basic dyes, disperse dyes, vat dyes, sulphur dyes, mordant dyes, direct dyes, ingrain dyes, solvent dyes, pigment dyes) [40] and natural dyestuff, gum thickener (guar) and various wetting agents, pH buffers and dye retardants or accelerators.
The bleaching, dyeing, printing, and finishing stages of the textile industry are mostly to blame because they use water as their main medium to put dyes and chemicals on textiles. [ 15 ] [ 6 ] In the last few decades, it has become an increasingly important part of a dyer's job to think about how dyes and processes affect the environment. [ 1 ]
Batch dyeing (exhaust dyeing) is a method of dyeing a textile material. The method involves the gradual transfer of dye from a dye bath to the textile material in the same piece of equipment. [1] The various methods of batch dyeing result from the type of machine used in the dyeing process.
Chemical resist dyeing is a modern textile printing method, commonly achieved using two different classes of fiber reactive dyes, one of which must be of the vinyl sulfone type. A chemical-resisting agent is combined with dye Type A, and printed using the screenprint method and allowed to dry. A second dye, Type B, is then printed overtop.
Scouring is an essential pre-treatment for the subsequent finishing stages that include bleaching, dyeing, and printing. [5] Raw and unfinished textiles contain a significant amount of impurities, both natural and foreign. It is necessary to eliminate these impurities to make the products ready for later steps in textile manufacturing. [6]
In textile processing, stripping is a color removal technique employed to partially or eliminate color from dyed textile materials. Textile dyeing industries often face challenges like uneven or flawed dyeing and the appearance of color patches on the fabric's surface during the dyeing process and subsequent textile material processing stages.
Industrial dye degradation is any of a number of processed by which dyes are broken down, ideally into innocuous products. [1] Many dyes, specifically in the textile industry such as methylene blue or methyl red, are released into ecosystems through water waste. [ 2 ]