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Liquid oxygen has a clear cyan color and is strongly paramagnetic: it can be suspended between the poles of a powerful horseshoe magnet. [2] Liquid oxygen has a density of 1.141 kg/L (1.141 g/ml), slightly denser than liquid water, and is cryogenic with a freezing point of 54.36 K (−218.79 °C; −361.82 °F) and a boiling point of 90.19 K (−182.96 °C; −297.33 °F) at 1 bar (14.5 psi).
1.80 [16] 1.26: battery, Fluoride-ion [citation needed] 1.7: 2.8: battery, Hydrogen closed cycle H fuel cell [17] 1.62: Hydrazine decomposition (as monopropellant) 1.6: 1.6: Ammonium nitrate decomposition (as monopropellant) 1.4: 2.5: Thermal Energy Capacity of Molten Salt: 1 [citation needed] 98% [18] Molecular spring approximate [citation ...
This type of aeration has a very high oxygen transfer efficiency (OTE), sometimes as high as 15 pounds of oxygen / (horsepower * hour) (9.1 kilograms of oxygen / (kilowatt * hour)). [4] On average, diffused air aeration diffuses approximately 2–4 cfm (cubic feet of air per minute) (56.6-113.3 liters of air per minute), but some operate at ...
At first, liquid air, self-enriched by standing (nitrogen has a lower boiling point and evaporates preferentially) was used, but pure liquid oxygen gives better results. A mixture of lampblack and liquid oxygen was measured to have a detonation velocity of 3,000 m/s, and 4 to 12% more explosive power than dynamite .
The stone or stone weight (abbreviation: st.) [1] is an English and British imperial unit of mass equal to 14 avoirdupois pounds (6.35 kg). [ nb 1 ] The stone continues in customary use in the United Kingdom and Ireland for body weight .
Mass transfer coefficients can be estimated from many different theoretical equations, correlations, and analogies that are functions of material properties, intensive properties and flow regime (laminar or turbulent flow). Selection of the most applicable model is dependent on the materials and the system, or environment, being studied.
Many governments impose strict regulations regarding the maximum chemical oxygen demand allowed in wastewater before it can be returned to the environment. For example, in Switzerland , a maximum oxygen demand between 200 and 1000 mg/L must be reached before wastewater or industrial water can be returned to the environment [2] .
Liquid oxygen may also be condensed from air using liquid nitrogen as a coolant. [54] Liquid oxygen is a highly reactive substance and must be segregated from combustible materials. [54] The spectroscopy of molecular oxygen is associated with the atmospheric processes of aurora and airglow. [55]