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The Tsardom of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Царство България, romanized: Tsarstvo Balgariya), also known as the Third Bulgarian Tsardom (Bulgarian: Трето Българско Царство, romanized: Treto Balgarsko Tsarstvo), sometimes translated as the Kingdom of Bulgaria, or simply Bulgaria, was a constitutional monarchy in Southeastern Europe, which was established on 5 October ...
The Tsardom of Bulgaria is a continuation of the Bulgarian state founded in 681, actually the First Bulgarian Empire and the Tsardom of Bulgaria are one state.. It occurred in three distinct periods: between the 10th and 11th centuries, again between the 12th and 15th centuries, and again in the 20th century.
(2 years) Son of Constantine I; previously junior co-emperor c. 1272–1277. [18] Underage at the time of his accession, his mother Maria Palaiologina Kantakouzene ruled as regent. [18] In 1278 made co-ruler with Ivaylo, who married Maria. [18] Deposed by the Byzantine-supported Ivan Asen III and sent as a captive to Constantinople. [54 ...
The years of peace brought economic prosperity and boosted commerce; Bulgaria became a major exporter of agricultural commodities, especially wheat. [ 99 ] [ 100 ] During the early 1320s, tensions between Bulgaria and the Byzantines rose as the latter descended into a civil war and the new emperor George II Terter seized Philippopolis.
The history of Bulgaria can be traced from the first settlements on the lands of modern Bulgaria to its formation as a nation-state, and includes the history of the Bulgarian people and their origin. The earliest evidence of hominid occupation discovered in what is today Bulgaria date from at least 1.4 million years ago. [1]
The main external political problem confronting Bulgaria throughout the period up to World War I was the fate of Macedonia and Eastern Thrace. At the end of 19th century the Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization was founded and began the preparation of an armed uprising in the regions still occupied by the Ottoman Turks ...
For ten years the country fought against the Byzantine Empire, Eastern Francia, Great Moravia, the Croats and the Serbs, forming several unsuccessful alliances and changing sides. [101] [102] Around August 863 there was a period of 40 days of earthquakes and there was a lean harvest, which caused famine throughout the country. To cap it all ...
In 1369, the Hungarian occupation of Vidin was brought to an end. Although the initial campaign was not entirely successful because the Hungarians seized the city back, the ensuing negotiations between the Kingdom of Hungary and Ivan Alexander's allies, Vladislav I Vlaicu and Dobrotitsa, the despot of the semi-independent Dobrujan Principality of Karvuna, led to the return of the city to ...