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Excisional biopsy involves surgically removing the suspicious area of the breast to examine it under the microscope for diagnosis. One method is wire-guided (or wire-localized) excisional biopsy, where a wire is inserted into the breast and repeatedly imaged using breast ultrasound or mammography until the technician sees that the tip is ...
A re-excision lumpectomy is performed if the margin is detected to be positive or cancerous cells are very close to the margin. [9] Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) or axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) may be used to determine if the cancer has progressed away from the breast and into other parts of the body. [10]
An excisional biopsy can be performed to remove a palpable breast mass. Because of the triple test score's high accuracy, it can be used to replace excisional biopsy if all three portions of the triple test score are scored a 1 (benign), indicating that the mass does not necessarily need to be removed. [9]
Furthermore, if a breast has already undergone irradiation (as in radiation therapy for treating breast cancer), there is a heightened risk of complications (e.g. reactive inflammation, occurrence of a chronic draining wound, etc.) for breast biopsies or other interventions to the breast, even those often considered "minor" surgeries. [4]
Central duct excision is a standard treatment of in case there is nipple discharge which stems from multiple ducts or cannot be traced back to a single duct. [2] It is also indicated if there is bloody nipple discharge in patients beyond childbearing age.
Breast-conserving surgery may also be used in cases of biopsy-proven invasive breast cancer or biopsy-proven ductal carcinoma in situ. In the assessment of the tumor, the surgeon should assess the ability to resect the tumor with clear margins while providing a cosmetic result that is acceptable to the patient. [3]
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