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If the radii are equal, the radical axis is the line segment bisector of M 1, M 2. In any case the radical axis is a line perpendicular to ¯. On notations. The notation radical axis was used by the French mathematician M. Chasles as axe radical. [1] J.V. Poncelet used chorde ideale. [2]
The radical axis of a pair of circles is defined as the set of points that have equal power h with respect to both circles. For example, for every point P on the radical axis of circles 1 and 2, the powers to each circle are equal: h 1 = h 2. Similarly, for every point on the radical axis of circles 2 and 3, the powers must be equal, h 2 = h 3.
Secant-, chord-theorem. For the intersecting secants theorem and chord theorem the power of a point plays the role of an invariant: . Intersecting secants theorem: For a point outside a circle and the intersection points , of a secant line with the following statement is true: | | | | = (), hence the product is independent of line .
To find the angle of a rotation, once the axis of the rotation is known, select a vector v perpendicular to the axis. Then the angle of the rotation is the angle between v and R v . A more direct method, however, is to simply calculate the trace : the sum of the diagonal elements of the rotation matrix.
The radical axis of two intersecting circles. The power diagram of the two circles is the partition of the plane into two halfplanes formed by this line. In the case n = 2, the power diagram consists of two halfplanes, separated by a line called the radical axis or chordale of the two circles. Along the radical axis, both circles have equal power.
A pencil of circles (or coaxial system) is the set of all circles in the plane with the same radical axis. [9] To be inclusive, concentric circles are said to have the line at infinity as a radical axis. There are five types of pencils of circles, [10] the two families of Apollonian circles in the illustration above represent two of them.
The line connecting these common intersection points is the radical axis for all three circles. The two isodynamic points are inverses of each other relative to the circumcircle of the triangle. The centers of these three circles fall on a single line (the Lemoine line). This line is perpendicular to the radical axis, which is the line ...
Thus, if we can construct R, we can find its pole P 1 in C 1, giving the needed second point on L 1 (Figure 10). Figure 10: The poles (red points) of the radical axis R in the three given circles (black) lie on the green lines connecting the tangent points. These lines may be constructed from the poles and the radical center (orange).