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PL/SQL provides the functionality of other procedural programming languages, such as decision making, iteration etc. A PL/SQL program unit is one of the following: PL/SQL anonymous block, procedure, function, package specification, package body, trigger, type specification, type body, library. Program units are the PL/SQL source code that is ...
SQL PL (close to the SQL/PSM standard) or Java: Firebird: PSQL (Fyracle also supports portions of Oracle's PL/SQL) Informix: Java: Interbase: Stored Procedure and Trigger Language Microsoft SQL Server: Transact-SQL and various .NET Framework languages MySQL, MariaDB: own stored procedures, closely adhering to SQL/PSM standard NuoDB: SQL or Java ...
The DUAL table is a special one-row, one-column table present by default in Oracle and other database installations. In Oracle, the table has a single VARCHAR2(1) column called DUMMY that has a value of 'X'. It is suitable for use in selecting a pseudo column such as SYSDATE or USER.
TimesTen databases are persistent and can be highly available. Because it is an in-memory database it provides very low latency and high throughput. It provides standard relational database APIs and interfaces such as the SQL and PL/SQL languages. Applications access TimesTen using standard database APIs such as ODBC and JDBC.
By using the same mechanics, a SQL procedure can also define a result set and return it directly to the caller of the SQL procedure or to a client application. A cursor can be viewed as a pointer to one row in a set of rows. The cursor can only reference one row at a time, but can move to other rows of the result set as needed.
Oracle Forms 3 was the first version to allow PL/SQL to be used within Forms triggers and procedures/SQL Functions could also be used as an undocumented feature. Forms 3 was a character mode application and was primarily used in terminals such as Digital VT220 and PCs running Microsoft DOS.
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Note (1): Both function and procedure refer to internal routines written in SQL and/or procedural language like PL/SQL. External routine refers to the one written in the host languages, such as C, Java, Cobol, etc. "Stored procedure" is a commonly used term for these routine types. However, its definition varies between different database vendors.