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With the fall of the communist governments in the Soviet Union and the Eastern Bloc, the influence of state-based Marxist–Leninist ideologies in the world was weakened, but there are still many communist movements of various types and sizes around the world. Three other communist nations, particularly those in East Asia such as the People's ...
Left communism is the range of communist viewpoints held by the communist left, which criticizes the political ideas and practices espoused, particularly following the series of revolutions that brought World War I to an end by Bolsheviks and social democrats. [277]
Gramsci defined objectivity in terms of a universal intersubjectivity to be established in a future communist society. [62] Natural history was thus only meaningful in relation to human history. In his view philosophical materialism resulted from a lack of critical thought, [63] and could not be said to oppose religious dogma and superstition. [64]
As an example, he points out that the term permanent revolution itself was coined by Marx and Engels back in 1850 in their Address of the Central Committee to the Communist League. [18] According to Tagore, Lenin was just as much a champion of the permanent revolution as Trotsky was and with a "much more sure grasp of revolutionary reality".
The Kemalist experiment, [7] Fabian socialism and social democracy in general [8] and the main Third World communist country, the People's Republic of China, [8] were big influences on the movement. Despite being inspired by social democracy, most of these states were affected in one time or the other by strongmen or big man leaders or one ...
The concept of global citizenship first emerged in the 4th Century BCE among the Greek Cynics, who coined the term “cosmopolitan” – meaning citizen of the world.The Stoics later elaborated on the concept, and contemporary philosophers and political theorists have further developed it in the concept of cosmopolitanism, which proposes that all individuals belong to a single moral community.
The United States and communist China did not re-instate diplomatic relations again until under president Nixon's visit in 1972. [17] Korea had also partially fallen under Soviet domination at the end of World War II, split from the south of the 38th parallel where U.S. forces subsequently moved into. By 1948, as a result of the Cold War ...
Communist Party USA member John Gates called Browderism "a valuable instrument in the hands of U.S. imperialism in its plans for world war and counter-revolution." [ 27 ] Today, the CPUSA has remained critical of Browderism, calling its ideas "opportunistic", the result of communist parties' "theoretical confusion and their abandonment of core ...