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Often a setter is accompanied by a getter, which returns the value of the private member variable. They are also known collectively as accessors . The mutator method is most often used in object-oriented programming , in keeping with the principle of encapsulation .
Constructors cannot be directly invoked (the keyword “new” invokes them). Constructors should not have non-access modifiers. Java constructors perform the following tasks in the following order: Call the default constructor of the superclass if no constructor is defined. Initialize member variables to the specified values.
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In languages that support access specifiers, the interface of a class is considered to be the set of public members of the class, including both methods and attributes (via implicit getter and setter methods); any private members or internal data structures are not intended to be depended on by external code and thus are not part of the interface.
A property, in some object-oriented programming languages, is a special sort of class member, intermediate in functionality between a field (or data member) and a method.The syntax for reading and writing of properties is like for fields, but property reads and writes are (usually) translated to 'getter' and 'setter' method calls.
This is typically accomplished by augmenting an accessor method (or property getter) to check whether a private member, acting as a cache, has already been initialized. If it has, it is returned straight away. If not, a new instance is created, placed into the member variable, and returned to the caller just-in-time for its first use.
An Array is a JavaScript object prototyped from the Array constructor specifically designed to store data values indexed by integer keys. Arrays, unlike the basic Object type, are prototyped with methods and properties to aid the programmer in routine tasks (for example, join , slice , and push ).
Constructors can use a parent/child system, in a similar way to that of classes. if a class "student" is a child of class "Person" then any variables that student uses (which are contained within person, ie, name, age, sex) will require a constructor in person in order to use them.