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Interfacial aeration is defined as the air entrainment process along an air–water interface, usually parallel to the flow direction. In hydraulic structures, free-surface aeration is commonly observed: i.e., the white waters. The air bubble entrainment may be localised or continuous along an interface (water jets, spillway chutes). Despite ...
The Mitsubishi Air Lubrication System (MALS) [1] is a system that reduces the viscous resistance component of the hull of ship by creating a layer of air bubbles below the hull of the ship. This reduces frictional resistance between the hull and the seawater. The system has been designed for bulk carriers and passenger ships. [2]
Air entrainment in concrete is the intentional creation of tiny air bubbles in a batch by adding an air entraining agent during mixing. A form of surfactant (a surface-active substance that in the instance reduces the surface tension between water and solids) it allows bubbles of a desired size to form.
Because of their small air openings, fine bubble diffusers cease to have an advantage. Currently, coarse bubble diffusers are the mainstay solution. These diffusers are typically made in the shape of a perforated rectangular pipe called a wide band, or a cap of 3 inches (76 mm) in diameter with an elastomeric membrane. Other varieties of coarse ...
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These systems used single point injection of air into the liquid stream, normally through a foot valve at the bottom of the string. Gas lift was used as early as 1864 in Pennsylvania to lift oil wells, also using compressed air, via an air pipe bringing the air to the bottom of the well. Air was used in Texas for large-scale artificial lift.
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A bubble curtain in Florida used to stop debris entering the marina. A bubble curtain is a system that produces bubbles in a deliberate arrangement in water. It is also called pneumatic barrier. The technique is based on bubbles of air (gas) being let out under the water surface, commonly on the bottom.