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The controller closes the valve as the pH falls below this level. Dual chambered calcium reactor. Some pH controllers have an interface for an air pump. This air pump is connected to an airstone in the sump or main tank. If the probe detects a low pH level, the pump activates. The bubbles raise the pH by dissipating the CO 2 gas.
An in situ experiment, conducted on a 400 m2 patch of the Great Barrier Reef, to decrease seawater CO 2 level (raise pH) to near the preindustrial value showed a 7% increase in net calcification. [113] A similar experiment to raise in situ seawater CO 2 level (lower pH) to a level expected soon after the 2050 found that net calcification ...
The refugium light cycle can be operated opposite to the main tank, in order to keep total system pH more stable (due to the uptake of acid-forming CO 2 by photosynthesis occurring in the refugium during its "daylight" hours). One volume guideline for a refugium is 1:10 main tank volume.
Ocean acidification can also lead to increased sea surface temperature. An increase of about 1 or 2 °C can cause the collapse of the relationship between coral and zooxanthellae, possibly leading to bleaching. [15] The average sea surface temperature in the Great Barrier Reef is predicted to increase between 1 and 3 °C by 2100. [6]
The main advantage of having a sump plumbed into an aquarium is the increase of water volume in the system, making it more stable and less prone to fluctuations of pH and salinity, and also mitigating the effects of nutrient buildup or the unintentional introduction of foreign substances.
A reef aquarium or reef tank is a marine aquarium that prominently displays live corals and other marine invertebrates as well as fish that play a role in maintaining the tropical coral reef environment. A reef aquarium requires appropriately intense lighting, turbulent water movement, and more stable water chemistry than fish-only marine ...