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Potassium-sparing diuretics or antikaliuretics [1] refer to drugs that cause diuresis without causing potassium loss in the urine. [2] They are typically used as an adjunct in management of hypertension , cirrhosis , and congestive heart failure . [ 3 ]
Due to its potassium-sparing capacities, hyperkalemia (elevated potassium concentration in the blood) can occur. The risk of developing hyperkalemia is increased in patients who are also taking ACE inhibitors , angiotensin II receptor antagonists , other potassium-sparing diuretics , or any potassium-containing supplements.
ATC code C03 Diuretics is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products.
The thiazides and potassium-sparing diuretics are considered to be calcium-sparing diuretics. [6] The thiazides cause a net decrease in calcium lost in urine. [7] The potassium-sparing diuretics cause a net increase in calcium lost in urine, but the increase is much smaller than the increase associated with other diuretic classes. [7]
Lithium-induced nephrogenic DI may be effectively managed with the administration of amiloride, a potassium-sparing diuretic often used in conjunction with thiazide or loop diuretics. Clinicians have been aware of lithium toxicity for many years, and traditionally have administered thiazide diuretics for lithium-induced polyuria and nephrogenic ...
For potassium-sparing diuretics, its common side effects include hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis and sexual dysfunction specifically for spironolactone. [4] [5] The use of diuretics should be avoided in patients with severe dehydration, anuria (absence of urine production). [4]
Chlortalidone (or other thiazide medication) is a key component of treatment of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus occurs when the kidney is unable to concentrate urine because it has an inadequate response to vasopressin-dependent removal of free water from the renal tubular filtrate.
This decreases the reabsorption of sodium and water while limiting the excretion of potassium. Hence, aldosterone antagonists are potassium (K + ) sparing diuretics. The medication has a slightly delayed onset of action , and so it takes several days for diuresis to occur since the MR is a nuclear receptor which works through regulating gene ...