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Close up of a Cannabis plant. Cannabis (/ˈkænəbɪs/) is commonly known as marijuana or hemp and has two known strains: Cannabis sativa and Cannabis indica, both of which produce chemicals to deter herbivory. The chemical composition includes specialized terpenes and cannabinoids, mainly tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and cannabidiol (CBD ...
Watering frequency and amount is determined by many factors, including temperature and light, the age, size and stage of growth [22] of the plant and the medium's ability to retain water. A conspicuous sign of water problems is the wilting of leaves. [23] Giving too much water can kill cannabis plants if the growing medium gets over-saturated.
Cannabis plants can produce volatile organic compound in great enough amounts to increase the criteria air pollutants in indoor and outdoor environments. [6] This could create an occupational health hazard in areas with large numbers of plants. [6] Cannabis in California is a frequent focus of study.
A marijuana high lasts only a few hours, but traces of tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC, remain in the body for much longer than that.
Cannabis plants produce a unique family of terpeno-phenolic compounds called cannabinoids, some of which produce the "high" which may be experienced from consuming marijuana. There are 483 identifiable chemical constituents known to exist in the cannabis plant, [ 53 ] and at least 85 different cannabinoids have been isolated from the plant. [ 54 ]
It is the principal psychoactive constituent of cannabis and one of at least 113 total cannabinoids identified on the plant. Although the chemical formula for THC (C 21 H 30 O 2 ) describes multiple isomers , [ 10 ] the term THC usually refers to the delta-9-THC isomer with chemical name (−)- trans -Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol .
The mixture of cannabinoids produced by a plant is known as the plant's cannabinoid profile. Selective breeding has been used to control the genetics of plants and modify the cannabinoid profile. For example, strains that are used as fiber (commonly called hemp ) are bred such that they are low in psychoactive chemicals like THC.
A dried cannabis flower. The short-term effects of cannabis are caused by many chemical compounds in the cannabis plant, including 113 [clarification needed] different cannabinoids, such as tetrahydrocannabinol, and 120 terpenes, [1] which allow its drug to have various psychological and physiological effects on the human body.