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Canada helped clear about one third of the estimated 10 to 15 million mines in Afghanistan. [14] Canada lent money to over 140,000 people in Afghanistan. [14] Canada helped train the Afghan police and army. [14] [50] Since December 2001, Canada was an active participant in the civilian-led United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan.
The Embassy of Canada in Afghanistan (Persian: سفارت کانادا در کابل) was the diplomatic mission of the Canadian government located in the Afghan capital city of Kabul. It was responsible for bilateral relations between Canada and Afghanistan. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were re-established on September 5, 2003.
The Soviet–Afghan War in 1979 and the installation of an authoritarian regime in Afghanistan led Canada to sever diplomatic ties. Even after the Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan in 1989, the two countries did not re-establish full diplomatic relations, and contact was minimal despite humanitarian aid efforts by Canada in the 1990s.
In early 2006, Canada's contribution to Operation Archer increased to approximately 2300 personnel. [4] The then-designated Task Force Afghanistan also included a Canadian-led multinational brigade headquarters, designated Task Force Aegis, and Canadian battle group designated Task Force Orion centred on 1st Battalion Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry (1 PPCLI). [5]
Operation Athena followed Operation Apollo, codename for the initial deployment of Canadian Force troops in Afghanistan from October 2001 to October 2003. [4] Operation Athena was an integral part of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) in Afghanistan created by the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1386 on December 13, 2001.
Canadian Forces personnel carry the coffin of a deceased comrade onto an aircraft at Kandahar Air Field, 1 February 2009. The number of Canadian Forces' fatalities resulting from Canadian military activities in Afghanistan is the largest for any single Canadian military mission since the Korean War between 1950 and 1953.
"Canada marks 10 years since the Afghanistan military mission's end" – CBC News: The National. 2024 (2;49 mins) The military reallocation in the 21st century resulted in a shift towards more militarized and deadly missions, where Canadian troops were tasked with combat and security support roles rather than traditional peacekeeping duties. [ 15 ]
JTF 2's first rotation was completed when they returned to Canada in May 2002, to be replaced by a second, shorter term, deployment until October 2002. [18] In 2004, an estimated 40 members of JTF 2 serving with Task Force K-Bar were awarded the Presidential Unit Citation by the U.S. government for service in Afghanistan. [16]