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Polyphenon is a series of high grade green tea polyphenol extracts manufactured by the Mitsui Norin Co., Ltd. of Japan. [1] [2] The extracts are in part the result of a water based extraction method which begins with green tea leaves, and then involves successive steps which concentrate the catechins thought to be responsible for the health benefits of green tea.
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), also known as epigallocatechin-3-gallate, is the ester of epigallocatechin and gallic acid, and is a type of catechin.. EGCG – the most abundant catechin in tea – is a polyphenol under basic research for its potential to affect human health and disease.
[10] [11] Tea has one of the highest contents of flavonoids among common food and beverage products. [7] Catechins are the largest type of flavonoids in growing tea leaves. [6] According to a report released by USDA, in a 200-ml cup of tea, the mean total content of flavonoids is 266.68 mg for green tea, and 233.12 mg for black tea. [7]
Epigallocatechin and gallocatechin contain an additional phenolic hydroxyl group when compared to epicatechin and catechin, respectively, similar to the difference in pyrogallol compared to pyrocatechol. Catechin gallates are gallic acid esters of the catechins; an example is epigallocatechin gallate, which is commonly the most abundant ...
Epicatechin gallate (ECG) is a flavan-3-ol, a type of flavonoid, present in green tea. [1] It is also reported in buckwheat [2] and in grape. [3]The tea component epicatechin gallate is being researched because in vitro experiments showed it can reverse methicillin resistance in bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. [1]
Regular green tea is 99.9% water, provides 1 kcal per 100 mL serving, is devoid of significant nutrient content (table), and contains phytochemicals such as polyphenols and caffeine. Numerous claims have been made for the health benefits of green tea, but human clinical research has not found good evidence of benefit.
All tea leaves contain fluoride; however, mature leaves contain as much as 10 to 20 times the fluoride levels of young leaves from the same plant. [9] [10]The fluoride content of a tea leaf depends on the leaf picking method used and the fluoride content of the soil from which it has been grown; tea plants absorb this element at a greater rate than other plants.
One hypothesis is that it causes a reactive oxygen species wave through the target plant's root to kill root cells by apoptosis. [53] Most plants in the European ecosystem have defenses against catechin, but few plants are protected against it in the North American ecosystem where Centaurea maculosa is an invasive, uncontrolled weed. [52 ...