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Google File System (GFS or GoogleFS, not to be confused with the GFS Linux file system) is a proprietary distributed file system developed by Google to provide efficient, reliable access to data using large clusters of commodity hardware. Google file system was replaced by Colossus in 2010.
Google, one of the biggest internet companies, has created its own distributed file system, named Google File System (GFS), to meet the rapidly growing demands of Google's data processing needs, and it is used for all cloud services. GFS is a scalable distributed file system for data-intensive applications.
Storage servers — (Chunk Server) store the chunks. The Chunk server is also a user-space daemon that relies on the underlying local file system to manage the actual storage. Clients — talk to both the exports server and chunk servers and are responsible for data transformation. Clients mount the file system into user-space via FUSE.
In chunked transfer encoding, the data stream is divided into a series of non-overlapping "chunks". The chunks are sent out and received independently of one another. No knowledge of the data stream outside the currently-being-processed chunk is necessary for both the sender and the receiver at any given time.
In data deduplication, data synchronization and remote data compression, Chunking is a process to split a file into smaller pieces called chunks by the chunking algorithm. It can help to eliminate duplicate copies of repeating data on storage, or reduces the amount of data sent over the network by only selecting changed chunks.
All the file system's trees—including the chunk tree itself—are stored in chunks, creating a potential bootstrapping problem when mounting the file system. To bootstrap into a mount, a list of physical addresses of chunks belonging to the chunk and root trees are stored in the superblock .
GmailFS (Google Mail File System) GridFS – GridFS is a specification for storing and retrieving files that exceed the BSON-document size limit of 16 MB for MongoDB. lnfs (long names) LTFS (Linear Tape File System for LTO and Enterprise tape) MVFS – MultiVersion File System, proprietary, used by IBM DevOps Code ClearCase.
The scalability of each component makes sure the system itself is scalable. File contents are distributed over several storage servers using striping, i.e. each file is split into chunks of a given size and these chunks are distributed over the existing storage servers. The size of these chunks can be defined by the file system administrator.