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The only orbital launch of a Buran-class orbiter, 1K1 (1К1: first orbiter, first flight [24]) occurred at 03:00:02 UTC on 15 November 1988 from Baikonur Cosmodrome launch pad 110/37. [3] [25] Buran was lifted into space, on an uncrewed mission, by the specially designed Energia rocket. The automated launch sequence performed as specified, and ...
1991 — Orbiter 2K uncrewed first flight, duration 1–2 days. 1992 — Orbiter 2K uncrewed second flight, duration 7–8 days. Orbital manoeuvres and space station approach test. 1993 — Buran (1K) uncrewed second flight, duration 15–20 days. 1994 — Orbiter 3K first crewed space test flight, duration of 24 hours. Craft equipped with life ...
The first operational orbiter, Buran flew one test mission, designated 1K1, on November 15, 1988 at 6:00:00 Moscow time. [6] The spacecraft was launched uncrewed from and landed at Baikonur Cosmodrome in the Kazakh S.S.R. and flew two orbits, traveling 83,707 km (52,013 mi) in 3 hours, 25 minutes (0.14 flight days). [ 7 ]
The first flight (Energia-Polyus) on 15 May 1987 was made from Site 250, and the second flight (Energia-Buran) from Site 110/37. The only Energia launch from Site 110 occurred at 03:00 UTC on 15 November 1988, carrying the first Buran shuttle on an uncrewed test flight.
After the end of the Buran program, Site 251 was abandoned but later reopened as a commercial cargo airport. Besides serving Baikonur, Kazakh authorities also use it for passenger and charter flights from Russia. [32] [33] Site 254 – Built to service the Buran-class orbiters between flights (thus fulfilling a role similar to the OPF at KSC ...
The construction of the orbiters began in 1980, and by 1984 the first full-scale Buran was rolled out. The first suborbital test flight of a scale-model took place as early as July 1983. As the project progressed, five additional scale-model flights were performed. The OK-GLI (Buran Analog BST-02) test vehicle ("Buran aerodynamic analogue") was ...
Buran shuttle on Energia launch vehicle. The second flight, and the first one where payload successfully reached orbit, was launched on 15 November 1988. This mission launched the uncrewed Soviet Shuttle vehicle Buran. At apogee, the Buran spacecraft made a 66.7 m/s burn to reach a final orbit of 251 km × 263 km. [7] [11]
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