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  2. Understatement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Understatement

    Understatement is an expression of lesser strength than what the speaker or writer actually means or than what is normally expected. It is the opposite of embellishment or exaggeration, and is used for emphasis, irony, hedging, or humor.

  3. Glossary of rhetorical terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_rhetorical_terms

    Repetition – the repeating of a word for emphasis. Rhetor – a person who is in the course of presenting or preparing rhetorical discourse. Rhetoric – the study and practice of good effective expression; also a type of discourse, focusing on goals of the speech or piece of writing that attempts to sway the mind of the audience.

  4. Antithesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antithesis

    An antithesis must always contain two ideas within one statement. The ideas may not be structurally opposite, but they serve to be functionally opposite when comparing two ideas for emphasis. [4] According to Aristotle, the use of an antithesis makes the audience better understand the point the speaker is trying to make. Further explained, the ...

  5. Stress (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_(linguistics)

    In linguistics, and particularly phonology, stress or accent is the relative emphasis or prominence given to a certain syllable in a word or to a certain word in a phrase or sentence. That emphasis is typically caused by such properties as increased loudness and vowel length , full articulation of the vowel , and changes in tone .

  6. Litotes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litotes

    In rhetoric, litotes (/ l aɪ ˈ t oʊ t iː z, ˈ l aɪ t ə t iː z /, US: / ˈ l ɪ t ə t iː z /), [1] also known classically as antenantiosis or moderatour, is a figure of speech and form of irony in which understatement is used to emphasize a point by stating a negative to further affirm a positive, often incorporating double negatives for effect.

  7. Antiphrasis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiphrasis

    When the antiphrasal use is very common, the word can become an auto-antonym, [3] having opposite meanings depending on context. For example, Spanish dichoso [ 4 ] originally meant "fortunate, blissful" as in tierra dichosa , "fortunate land", but it acquired the ironic and colloquial meaning of "infortunate, bothersome" as in ¡Dichosas moscas ...

  8. Opposite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonym

    An antonym is one of a pair of words with opposite meanings. Each word in the pair is the antithesis of the other. A word may have more than one antonym. There are three categories of antonyms identified by the nature of the relationship between the opposed meanings.

  9. Tautology (language) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tautology_(language)

    In literary criticism and rhetoric, a tautology is a statement that repeats an idea using near-synonymous morphemes, words or phrases, effectively "saying the same thing twice".