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Hans Christian Ørsted (/ ˈ ɜːr s t ɛ d /; [5] Danish: [ˈhænˀs ˈkʰʁestjæn ˈɶɐ̯steð] ⓘ; anglicized as Oersted; [note 1] 14 August 1777 – 9 March 1851) was a Danish chemist and physicist who discovered that electric currents create magnetic fields.
In his work, he also coined the term "magnetic field" in this sense in 1845, which he later used frequently. [13] He provided a clear definition in 1850, stating [13] I will now endeavour to consider what the influence is which paramagnetic and diamagnetic bodies, viewed as conductors, exert upon the lines of force in a magnetic field.
Now Maxwell logically showed how these methods of calculation could be applied to the electro-magnetic field. [126] The energy of a dynamical system is partly kinetic, partly potential. Maxwell supposes that the magnetic energy of the field is kinetic energy, the electric energy potential. [127]
1888 – Introduction of the induction motor, an electric motor that harnesses a rotating magnetic field produced by alternating current, independently invented by Galileo Ferraris and Nikola Tesla. Albert Einstein in the patent office, Bern Switzerland, 1905
In Sept 1845 he wrote in his notebook, "I have at last succeeded in illuminating a magnetic curve or line of force and in magnetising a ray of light". [66] Later on in his life, in 1862, Faraday used a spectroscope to search for a different alteration of light, the change of spectral lines by an applied magnetic field.
He examined the nature of both electric and magnetic fields in his two-part paper "On physical lines of force", which was published in 1861. In it, he provided a conceptual model for electromagnetic induction, consisting of tiny spinning cells of magnetic flux. Two more parts were later added to and published in that same paper in early 1862.
Magnetism is the class of physical attributes that occur through a magnetic field, which allows objects to attract or repel each other.Because both electric currents and magnetic moments of elementary particles give rise to a magnetic field, magnetism is one of two aspects of electromagnetism.
Heinrich Rudolf Hertz (/ h ɜːr t s /, HURTS; German: [ˈhaɪnʁɪç hɛʁts]; [1] [2] 22 February 1857 – 1 January 1894) was a German physicist who first conclusively proved the existence of the electromagnetic waves predicted by James Clerk Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism.