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C# has and allows pointers to selected types (some primitives, enums, strings, pointers, and even arrays and structs if they contain only types that can be pointed [14]) in unsafe context: methods and codeblock marked unsafe. These are syntactically the same as pointers in C and C++.
As in C++ and Java, nested generic types such as Dictionary<string, List<int>> are valid types, however are advised against for member signatures in code analysis design rules. [ 29 ] .NET allows six varieties of generic type constraints using the where keyword including restricting generic types to be value types, to be classes, to have ...
For function that manipulate strings, modern object-oriented languages, like C# and Java have immutable strings and return a copy (in newly allocated dynamic memory), while others, like C manipulate the original string unless the programmer copies data to a new string. See for example Concatenation below.
Type inference – C# 3 with implicitly typed local variables var and C# 9 target-typed new expressions new List comprehension – C# 3 LINQ; Tuples – .NET Framework 4.0 but it becomes popular when C# 7.0 introduced a new tuple type with language support [104] Nested functions – C# 7.0 [104] Pattern matching – C# 7.0 [104]
Anonymous types are a feature of C# 3.0, Visual Basic .NET 9.0, Oxygene, Scala and Go that allows data types to encapsulate a set of properties into a single object without having to first explicitly define a type. [1] This is an important feature for the SQL-like LINQ feature that is integrated into C# and VB
The process of verifying and enforcing the constraints of types—type checking—may occur at compile time (a static check) or at run-time (a dynamic check). If a language specification requires its typing rules strongly, more or less allowing only those automatic type conversions that do not lose information, one can refer to the process as strongly typed; if not, as weakly typed.
C# have records which provide immutability and equality testing. [1] The record is sealed to prevent inheritance. [2] It overrides the built-in ToString() method. [3]This example implementation includes a static method which can be used to initialize a new instance with a randomly generated globally unique identifier (GUID).
To do this, Java allows importing a single class (e.g., import java.util.List). C# allows importing classes under a new local name using the following syntax: using Console = System. Console. It also allows importing specializations of classes in the form of using IntList = System. Collections. Generic. List < int >.