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Average number of moderate-to-severe hot flashes per week with placebo and different doses of oral estradiol in menopausal women [40] [41]. Estradiol is used in menopausal hormone therapy to prevent and treat moderate to severe menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes, vaginal dryness and atrophy, and osteoporosis (bone loss). [11]
Estradiol can be taken by a variety of different routes of administration. [10] These include oral, buccal, sublingual, intranasal, transdermal (gels, creams, patches), vaginal (tablets, creams, rings, suppositories), rectal, by intramuscular or subcutaneous injection (in oil or aqueous), and as a subcutaneous implant. [10]
Estradiol valerate by intramuscular injection is usually used at a dosage of 10 to 20 mg every 4 weeks in the treatment of menopausal symptoms and hypoestrogenism due to hypogonadism, castration, or primary ovarian failure in women. [13] In the past, it was used at even higher doses of 10 to 40 every 1 to 4 weeks for estrogen replacement. [36]
Vaginal estrogen is a form of estrogen that is delivered by intravaginal administration.Vaginally administered estrogens are thereby exerting their effects mainly in the nearby tissue, with more limited systemic effects compared to orally administered estrogens. [1]
Estradiol valerate (Delestrogen, Estradiol Valerate) – 10 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL, 40 mg/mL Polyestradiol phosphate (Estradurin) was previously available in the U.S. but was discontinued. Combined with progestins
Given by subcutaneous injection in mice, estradiol is about 10-fold more potent than estrone and about 100-fold more potent than estriol. [ 46 ] [ 47 ] [ 48 ] As such, estradiol is the main estrogen in the body, although the roles of estrone and estriol as estrogens are said not to be negligible.
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