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Tolerable weekly intake (TWI) estimates the amount per unit body weight of a potentially harmful substance or contaminant in food or water that can be ingested over a lifetime without risk of adverse health effects. [1] [2] TWI is generally preceded by "provisional" to indicate insufficient data exists, increasing uncertainty. [3]
The publication recommended the limits of contaminants in drinking water which set the value for lead to not more than 0.05 mg/L based on assumptions about various sources of lead intake and the provisional tolerable weekly intake of 3 mg of lead per adult that was established by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) in 1972.
The EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain specifies that 2.5 μg/kg body weight is a tolerable weekly intake for humans. [96] The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives has declared 7 μg/kg body weight to be the provisional tolerable weekly intake level. [98]
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) refers to the daily amount of a chemical contaminant that has been assessed safe for human being exposure on long-term basis (usually whole lifetime). [1] TDI specifically occurs to chemicals that humans are exposed to unintentionally or as a contaminant, [ 1 ] where acceptable daily intake refers to chemicals that ...
Acceptable daily intake or ADI is a measure of the amount of a specific substance (originally applied for a food additive, later also for a residue of a veterinary drug or pesticide) in food or drinking water that can be ingested (orally) daily over a lifetime without an appreciable health risk. [1]
Tolerable upper intake levels (UL), to caution against excessive intake of nutrients (like vitamin A and selenium) that can be harmful in large amounts. This is the highest level of sustained daily nutrient consumption that is considered to be safe for, and cause no side effects in, 97.5% of healthy individuals in each life stage and sex group.
A reference dose is the United States Environmental Protection Agency's maximum acceptable oral dose of a toxic substance, "below which no adverse noncancer health effects should result from a lifetime of exposure".
The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) derived in 2001 a provisional tolerable monthly intake (PTMI) of 70 pg TEQ/kg body weight. [31] The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) established an oral reference dose (RfD) of 0.7 pg/kg b.w. per day for TCDD [32] (see discussion on the differences in [3]).