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Radiofrequency Echographic Multi Spectrometry (REMS) is a non-ionizing technology for osteoporosis diagnosis and for fracture risk assessment. REMS processes the raw, unfiltered ultrasound signals acquired during an echographic scan of the axial sites, femur and spine. The analysis is performed in the frequency domain.
1. What is osteoporosis? Osteoporosis is a disease of the bones. People with osteoporosis have bones that are weak and break easily. Osteoporosis is called a “silent” disease.
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mass, micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue leading to more porous bone, and consequent increase in fracture risk. It is the most common reason for a broken bone among the elderly. [3]
The most specific screening test for vitamin D deficiency in otherwise healthy individuals is a serum 25(OH)D level. [11] Less common causes of osteomalacia can include hereditary deficiencies of vitamin D or phosphate (which would typically be identified in childhood) or malignancy.
At the hip, a DXA-equivalent T-score may be calculated for comparison to the WHO classification at the proximal femur as normal, osteopenia (T-Score < -1.0 and > -2.5) or osteoporosis (T-Score < -2.5). [17] This T-Score may also be used for fracture risk probability calculation in the WHO FRAX tool [18] with "T-Score" as the appropriate DXA ...
Bone decalcification is the softening of bones due to the removal of calcium ions, and can be performed as a histological technique to study bones and extract DNA. [1] [2] This process also occurs naturally during bone development and growth, and when uninhibited, can cause diseases such as osteomalacia.