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Power Query was first announced in 2011 under the codename "Data Explorer" as part of Azure SQL Labs. In 2013, in order to expand on the self-service business intelligence capabilities of Microsoft Excel, the project was redesigned to be packaged as an add-in Excel and was renamed "Data Explorer Preview for Excel" [4], and was made available for Excel 2010 and Excel 2013. [5]
Bilevel optimization is a special kind of optimization where one problem is embedded (nested) within another. The outer optimization task is commonly referred to as the upper-level optimization task, and the inner optimization task is commonly referred to as the lower-level optimization task.
The current generation of Hopsan consists of two parts, a graphical user interface and a simulation core library. These are completely separated, so that the core can be used stand-alone, for example in embedded systems or target computers. System models are built using components from the built-in or external libraries.
Older (.OPJ), but not newer (.OPJU), Origin project files can be read by the open-source LabPlot or SciDAVis software. The files can also be read by QtiPlot but only with a paid "Pro" version. Finally the liborigin [1] library can also read .OPJ files such as by using the opj2dat script, which exports the data tables contained in the file.
PASS Sample Size Software (PASS) – power and sample size software from NCSS; Plotly – plotting library and styling interface for analyzing data and creating browser-based graphs. Available for R, Python, MATLAB, Julia, and Perl; Primer-E Primer – environmental and ecological specific
A bivariate correlation is a measure of whether and how two variables covary linearly, that is, whether the variance of one changes in a linear fashion as the variance of the other changes. Covariance can be difficult to interpret across studies because it depends on the scale or level of measurement used.
In other words, the two variables are not independent. If there is no contingency, it is said that the two variables are independent. The example above is the simplest kind of contingency table, a table in which each variable has only two levels; this is called a 2 × 2 contingency table. In principle, any number of rows and columns may be used.
FreeMat is a free open-source numerical computing environment and programming language, [1] similar to MATLAB and GNU Octave. [2] In addition to supporting many MATLAB functions and some IDL functionality, it features a codeless interface to external C, C++, and Fortran code, further parallel distributed algorithm development (via MPI), and has plotting and 3D visualization capabilities. [3]