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Pupils at Carlisle Indian Industrial School, Pennsylvania, c. 1900. American Indian boarding schools, also known more recently as American Indian residential schools, were established in the United States from the mid-17th to the early 20th centuries with a primary objective of "civilizing" or assimilating Native American children and youth into Anglo-American culture.
Education for Extinction is an exhaustive history of assimilation era American Indian education, particularly its boarding schools. [1] Adams contends that boarding schools were the federal government's key means for addressing its American Indian issues, and that the schools left a "psychological and cultural mark" on Indian students even while they failed at assimilation. [1]
Between 1880 and 1886, the Bureau of Indian Affairs opened more than one hundred American Indian boarding schools modeled after Carlisle across the United States, primarily on reservations. [ 15 ] [ 12 ] Congress passed a series of laws designed to encourage the development of outing programs in those new schools.
Native American girls from the Omaha tribe at Carlisle School, Pa., ca. 1870s. ... which documents the history of 417 federal Indian boarding schools and over 1000 other similar institutions used ...
Between 1879 and 1918, over 10,000 Native American students from 140 tribes attended Carlisle Indian Industrial School. [7] Lieutenant Pratt and Southern Plains veterans of the Red River War at Fort Marion in St. Petersburg, Florida in 1875; several of these veterans later attended Carlisle Industrial School Richard Henry Pratt with a young student
More than 900 Native American children died in federally-operated boarding schools over a period of nearly a century, the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs said in a report issued Tuesday. The ...
The National Native American Boarding School Healing Coalition already had what was considered the most extensive list of boarding schools. The total now stands at 523 schools, with each dot on ...
This list is far from complete as recent reports show more than 408 American Indian Boarding Schools in the United States. Additionally, according to the Inaugural Department of the Interior Indian Boarding School report released on May 12, 2022. There were 408 schools in 37 states, and 53 unmarked/marked burial sites in the U.S.