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Königsberg (/ ˈ k ɜː n ɪ ɡ z ˌ b ɜːr ɡ /; German: [ˈkøːnɪçsbɛʁk] ⓘ, lit. ' King's mountain ', Polish: Królewiec, Lithuanian: Karaliaučius, Baltic Prussian: Kunnegsgarbs, Russian: Кёнигсберг, romanized: Kyonigsberg) is the historic German and Prussian name of the medieval city that is now Kaliningrad, Russia.
The Königsberg Castle (German: Königsberger Schloss, Russian: Кёнигсбергский замок, romanized: Konigsbergskiy zamok) was one of the landmarks of the city of Königsberg (since 1946 Kaliningrad, Russia). It was the seat of the King of Prussia, who was by extension the Emperor (Kaiser) of the German Empire.
Construction of Königsberg Castle began in 1255 during the conquest of Samland by the Teutonic Knights, part of the Prussian Crusade.An initial settlement was founded north of the castle (later known as Steindamm) the following year, but this was destroyed by Sambians during the 1262 Siege of Königsberg. [1]
The Battle of Königsberg, also known as the Königsberg offensive, was one of the last operations of the East Prussian offensive during World War II. In four days of urban warfare , Soviet forces of the 1st Baltic Front and the 3rd Belorussian Front captured the city of Königsberg , present day Kaliningrad , Russia.
The history of Poles in Königsberg (Polish: Królewiec) goes back to the 14th century. In the struggles between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teutonic Order , the city was briefly part of the Polish state, and after the Second Peace of Toruń , 1466, it was considered a part of Poland as a fief held by the Teutonic Order [ 1 ] and the secular ...
The Königsberg fortifications became largely obsolete even before the completion of construction due to the rapid development of artillery. [2] Following the military setbacks of Nazi Germany , however, they became strategically important again (particularly during the East Prussian offensive in 1945).
Regierungsbezirk Königsberg was a Regierungsbezirk, or government region, of the Prussian province of East Prussia from 1815 until 1945. The regional capital was Königsberg (since 1946, Kaliningrad).
The Prussian State Archive Königsberg (German: Preußisches Staatsarchiv Königsberg) was an archive in Königsberg, Germany. It consisted of documents from the state of the Teutonic Order, the Duchy of Prussia, and East Prussia. Most of it is now part of the Prussian Privy State Archives in Berlin-Dahlem.